Why the Play is Called The Crucible :: Essay on The Crucible

Why is the play called the Crucible?Webster and his book the dictionary defines a crucible as, A container in which metals are heated, involving a change. A severe test or trial.Author milling machine in his play, uses the title The Crucible as an analogy for the situation. The actual container- the crucible, is the townspeople of Salem Massachusetts. The contents of the container are the people of Salem, the emotions and feelings of these people are what change. The events that take place in the town are what fuel and heat the peoples emotions and are what affects their actions.Miller also puns on the other meaning of a crucible which is a severe test or trial to tie in with the events that take pace in the play- the trials of the accused witches and the extent of the consequences (death by hanging.) The severe test or trial referred to above is an inquiry carried out to see whether peoples souls are still with God. This shows the extremity and extent of the trials. It shows how i mportant a part godliness plays in the community. Seeing as peoples life styles revolved around working and praying. If people were not working or farming their lands, they are praying. On holidays they pray, there are hardly any moments of recreation or fun. The people of Salem are deeply religious and to drift on to the side of the devil is the to the highest degree serious sin or crime imaginable in the community. Just as it was a sin drift on to the side of the devil in the time of the crucible, it was the like to drift on to the side of communism in the 1950s, when Arthur Miller wrote this play. In the 1950s Senator Joe Macarthy set up a campaign to rid the United States of all communist supporters. These communist trials would be broadcast on national television. It would involve the accused to admit their guilt even though they were completely innocent, and give the names of 10 other would-be communists or face exile, torture, invasion of family privacy etc. Arthur Mille r uses the events of the Salem witch-hunts to represent and show what the communist trials of the 1950s were. They were both based on false premises and paranoia, and as more people got involved, more people suffered, this can be summarised by calling it the Snowball effect.

Women and Welfare Essay -- essays research papers

The Struggle of Women on WelfareWomen in todays society face many adversities. In this essay I will discuss fact versus stereotypical perceptions about the various social and economic problems women must face everyday. I grew up on the Upper vitamin E Side in Manhattan mostly comprised of sozzled, socialite families. I attended The Convent of Sacred Heart, also one of the top, private, all girl schools in Manhattan. The majority of the students come from very intimate families and are, more often than non, very spoiled and nave to the world around them. While I was attending High School, I found it very firm to make friends with some of the students that went to Sacred Heart. I hated the way rich kids thought. They always spoke about Welfare and made absurd comments about how it should not exist because the people feeding of their tax dollars were nothing but the bottom-feeders in the world. The people I was surrounded by could never move past the fallacies their parents would smatter about. They never realized that many people on eudaemonia struggled. These unfortunate people were not lazy they werent all drug dealers and prostitutes that just kept getting pregnant so that the city would write them a check every month. The only thing they were guilty of was being born a minority and from birth, growing up in some of the worst conditions imaginable.Over the summer my friend and I decided to join the Coalition for Homeless Women. I conditioned a lot while visiting the numerous women shelters and I can admit that I too had very stupid and nave perceptions of some of these women. tear down though I was not as rotten as some of the girls I attended school with, my parents sheltered me. I will always esteem walking down the street one day and as I passed by a homeless woman I handed her my dollar. My father at once looked at me funny and said Sonia, you shouldnt have given her your allowance, she will only use it to buy drugs or alcohol. She will not use it for anything unspoilt At the age of ten those words resonated in my head for some time. My perception of homeless people was somewhat flawed until I was old complete to understand the world for myself. I was really happy when I visited shelters and spoke to some of these remarkable women. They werent on drugs, they werent alcoholics, and these are wo... ...not on public assistance do not have more children if they cannot support their families. Middle and Upper class families are paying the government in tax dollars to support mothers who stay fresh to have children even though they know they cannot support themselves. Also, a single mother who chooses to have another child while being on welfare severely decreases her chances to go off welfare because she will need to stay at home with her children. This promotes a womans dependency on welfare.To pluck up my essay, I will simply say that people who continue to talk about welfare in ways that it should be taken outside(a) or controlled have not educated themselves enough to fully understand what it is they are talking about. I believe that everyone in the world serves a purpose. The wealthy are not the only people who should have the right to enjoy life. muckle on welfare, may need help but at to the lowest degree they are trying. To say they are all failures is wrong. The majority of women on welfare face so many problems. People make ludicrous preconceptions about these women. People should open their eyes and realize what really goes on in the world instead of living in on a cloud.

Existentialism in Franz Kafkas The Metamorphosis Essay -- Metamorpho

Franz Kafkas The Metamorphosis is a masterfully written short story about Gregor Samsa, a man who devotes his life to his family and work, for nothing in return. Only when he is transformed into a helpless beetle does he begin to develop a self-identity and understanding of the relationships around him. The underlying theme of The Metamorphosis is an existential mint that says any given choice will govern the later course of a persons life, and that the person has ultimate will over making choices. In this case, Gregor?s lack of identity has caused him to be numb to everything around him. One morning, Gregor awakens to find himself with the form of a beetle. Although it never explains how Gregor morphed into a beetle, or shows that Gregor gives much thought to having the body of an insect, Kafka gives the strong impression that Gregor is extremely devoted to his work and is the sole support for his family, none of whom work themselves. Gregor devoted himself to a lif e of work and self sacrifice, pursuance ...

Another Civil War :: essays research papers

Socio scotch reasons for the causes and outcome of theCivil War Analyzing the causes and the eventual outcome ofthe American Civil War can be a difficult working class when youlook at all the issues at once. The fields of the political,economic and sociological differences between the Unionand the Confederacy are were we sense the bulk of theanswers as wherefore the two regions of the United Statesseparated. When trying to discuss the Civil War we mustfirst explain why the Confederate states seceded and just asimportantly, how they were defeated. When trying to find thecauses and the outcomes of the Civil War, Ive chosen tobypass the political reasons and would rather discuss theareas of economic and sociological conflict. It is hard todiscuss one of these aspects without showing how closely itis tied into the other. parsimoniousness is the child of sociologicalconditions and in turn sociological conditions predict anareas economic success and potential. Because of this strongi nterrelationship between the two, the word "socioeconomic"is best conform to to describe this important area of conflictbetween the North and the southerly. Almost a question ofcivilization versus barbarism the war between the North andthe South showed America who held more power andwhose way would lead us into a future for all Americans.The North and South were split up along an invisibleeconomic line. States in the North were more industrializedthan states in the South. In the South, cotton and tobaccoprovided the economy. These plantation crops created aneconomic situation based entirely upon agriculture. This wasin bare(a) contrast too the heavily industrialized Northern citiesin America. Slave labor provided the workforce on theSouthern plantations and along with crops were thebackbone of Southern economic power. Slave labor, whichturned the wheels on the vast plantations growing tobaccoand cotton, created an entirely different socioeconomicclimate then the one foun d in the North. The constitutive(a) conflictbetween the progressive, industrialized, urbane North andthe plantation lifestyle, made possible by cotton, tobaccoand slave labor, ultimately revealed a nation sharply dividedalong socioeconomic lines. The Civil War or "the warbetween the states", was the inevitable outcome of adeveloping nation uncertain as to whether it should outrideprogressive and industrialized or genteel and slowmoving.Unquestionably, the tobacco economy of the South as wellas its cotton products were of vast importance to the entirenation. Still, the kindly structure of plantation life with itslegacy and dependency upon slave labor, would not betolerated by Northern states for much longer. A continuedcry for liberty and abolition by president Lincoln and

How Community Service Changed My Future Essay -- Community Service Ess

We are not put on this earth for ourselves, but are lay here for each other. If you are there always for others, then in time of need, someone will be there for you.- Jeff WarnerI am the one-quarter child out of my seven siblings, the middle child. Growing up, I pestered my older sibling as my younger ones do to me now, but I never truly understood how blessed I was to grow up in such a big family. My older sisters were my role models and still are, I suffer what they go through as adults in this world and decide whether thats the path I want to take or not. I am also a big sister to three younger siblings, and although I did not see that they look up to me until recently, I know that they do and I filtrate not to make many mistakes that they may follow.Looking up to someone and admiring them does not always mean that you want to be like them, but that you set their actions and mentally note them, as if they are a manual on what to do and what not to do. Never in a million year s did I think I would touch someones life outside of my family, but the last semester of my senior ...

How Community Service Changed My Future Essay -- Community Service Ess

We are non put on this earth for ourselves, but are placed hither for each other. If you are there always for others, then in time of need, someone will be there for you.- Jeff WarnerI am the fourth kid out of my seven siblings, the middle child. Growing up, I pestered my older sibling as my younger ones do to me now, but I never very understood how blessed I was to grow up in such a big family. My older sisters were my role models and still are, I see what they go through as adults in this world and decide whether thats the path I want to take or not. I am also a big sister to three younger siblings, and although I did not see that they look up to me until recently, I know that they do and I strive not to make many mistakes that they may follow.Looking up to someone and admiring them does not always mean that you want to be like them, but that you watch their actions and mentally note them, as if they are a manual on what to do and what not to do. Never in a million years did I approximate I would touch someones life outside of my family, but the last semester of my senior ...

Jones Blair Case Study Essay

Jones Blair is a ships company that produces and sells architectural paint it also sell paint sundries which complicate paintbrushes and rollers. It caters to over 50 countries which be divided into two sectors the DFW area and the non-DFW area. Of the two the DFW area has been proven to be the most successful area for the company.In 1999 the company made 80 million in gross revenue and 60% of this was contributed by the DFW area. There are two segments within the companys main gross revenue attributes and these are between the do it yourself market and the professional market.With regards to the professional market in the DFW area this accounted for 70% of gross revenue In the non-DFW area 70% of sales were made through the do-it-yourself market.During a meeting the company discussed the problem of where and how to carry out marketing efforts. They were left with four options1) Cut the price by 20%.2) Hire one supererogatory sales rep.3) Spend additional $350,000 on ad.4) p uzzle the same.A detailed look into each option.1) Cut the price by 20%.The shopper research programme indicated that dealers will back off the defacement when the customer appears price sensitive. By fuckting the price by 20% this will allow the company to be on par with national tags. The current contribution margin for the company is 35% if the price was to be cut by 20% then the newly contribution margin would be reduced to 35% 20% = 15%with the current sale volume organism $12 million and a price cut of 20% the sales would have to increase significantly for the price cut to be effective. According to Barrett we are now the steepest price paint in our service area the situation that the company still has increasing sales despite being the mellowest cost brand of all the competitors this shows that the company is being perceived as giving high quality goods where people dont mind about paying duplication for their brand. If the company was to cut the price by 20% this ma y leave doubts in peoples minds about whether or not the brand is echtly as high quality as they had thought. The fact that they can get away with charging a higher price for their brand they should stick with it.2) Hire one additional sales rep.Currently the company has 8 sales reps which are responsible for the following tasksMonitoring inventories.Taking orders.Assisting in store display.Coordinating cooperative advertising programmes.A survey indicated that the sales reps were very well liked, helpful, professional and knowledgeable with regards to paint. These reps are paid a salary and also a 1% commission. The cost of hiring an additional sales rep would be $60,000 a year, this is excluding commission. The vice president feels that the current sales reps arent aggressive enough and the fact that only 5 new accounts were made in the last 5 years something needs to be done. Only 16% of the accounts come from the non-DFW area so maybe a snap needs to be placed onto this area. If this was to be done, an additional sales rep be assigned to the non-DFW area this could lead to a significant increase in sales.3) Spend additional $350,000 on advertising.The vice president of advertising believes that there is a need for an awareness level of 30% among do-it-yourselfers to affect their sales. An emphasis on television coverage will reach non-DFW consumers in 15 countries. Research shows that ads affect the buying process Since most consumers consider the store before the actual brand maybe the advertising should be focalisationed more-so on corporate ads rather than brand ads. The company spends 3% of its net sales on advertising therefore the current cost of advertising is 3% of 12 million = 360000with an additional spend of $350000 on advertising the total cost of advertising would be 360000+ 350000= $710,000. This would almost double the cost of advertising and since theres an emphasis on television this could prove to be a risky option, especially since br and awareness isnt the main attribution to buyer behaviour. Another factor to consider is the fact that 75% of the audience of the advert arent buying paint.4) Stay the same.The final option for the company would be to keep everything the same which is advised by the vice president of finance. Since the company is continuing to make profit he feels that if you were to take the other options that there would have to be a significant increase in the sales volume which may not be a result.Although most of the options offer different benefits and of course different drawbacks we dont think there is an outright option to choose. With regards to the cut in price of 20% we dont believe this option should be chosen. The fact that the company is allowed to charge the higher price and is perceived as being a high quality brand why should they risk losing all of this by accepting the price cut.The next option with regards to hiring an additional sales rep we feel that the fact that they have 8 sales reps already would the addition of another really make a significant impact on sales. Rather than focusing on hiring a new one we believe that if they focused more-so and possibly retraining their current sales reps this could prove to be more effective. The fact that the sales reps are already considered highly by the customers is a bonus. If more effort was put into them and how they could improve efficiency then this could be worthwhile to the company. The company could divide up the sales reps into the necessary markets and possibly by offering them incentives this could increase their performance. By hiring an additional sales rep doesnt necessarily promise a compound in sales.With regards to an increase of advertising spending of $350,000 we wouldnt recommend this option. As the company wants to put an emphasis on television and the fact that 75% of the audience dont buy paint, the 25% of the audience that do doesnt seem like a big enough market coverage to give such a lot of money into. Instead we feel they should look into other marketing options. The fact that with regards to buyer behaviour that customers choose the store stolon before the brand maybe the company should look into advertising within the actual stores. They could look into what stores are proven to be more popular and focus advertising attention on these.With the last option as staying the same although the company is continuing to make profits we feel like this could be the mild option. Rather than just being content with what is currently happening with the business they should focus on improving the business. The fact is that more and more competitors may show the market or even people may change their buying behaviour but ultimately the company should try and always be a brand considered.

Maiden Voyage Essay

The given passage taken from Denton Welchs Maiden Voyage starts with a clear and concise statement that brings centering on mainly three details, the first being that the writer is a lively and independent foreigner or in other words, an extrovert, the second and threesome being that the time is morning and there are two more characters, Mr Butler and Mr Roote involved respectively. Mr Butler clearly warns the writer that foreigners are not have here and he should preferably stay out of the locals way. This tells us that the Chinese prefer being isolated and like mixing amongst themselves. This statement is quite humourous because Mr Butler himself seems as if he is of English origin. No outgoing traveller would like hearing this and naturally the writer doesnt like being enwrapped between the four walls of the room when he could be doing several other outdoor activities.The writer also uses strong emotional language such as hated, fiercely and brooding to reinforce this. The sy mbolism of the moth eaten ball and the old tennis racket informs the reader that hardly anyone uses the sports equipment. The incredibly rebellious writer vents outs his anger by striking these old worn out balls fiercely against the stable doors. It is this lack of excitement that leads the stubborn writer to trouble. He decides to take matters to his own work force and foolishly escapes out in the country side. Whilst this escape from drudgery is happening, Mr Butler and Mr Roote are so deeply engrossed in their own conversation that they run low to realize that the writer is running away. To the reader, this clearly suggests that they are content not to look outside their own world and have not moved on from this mornings conversation whereas the writer on the other hand has.The writer uses mysterious and exotic language to describe the country. The still silence, the hot sand, the stunt bushes left the writer overwhelmed maybe because he was used to an entirely different lan dscape. The grass is tall, tall enough for a person to hide and was also exposit as rank maybe because it had a stench to it and also, the fact that it was as sharp as knives made it even more hard as strong as dangerous to walk on. The soles of my shoes began to burn suggests that temperatures were high, high enough to leave the writer dehydrated and exhausted. The reader is left behind with an image equivalent to that of that of a dream, a hot dream.

Lifeboat Ethics: The Case Against Helping the Poor Essay

Since 1991, the southern half of Somalia, a poverty stricken African nation, has seen various tribal militias battle for ascendency and power over individual regions of the country. Violence has plagued Mogadishu, the capital, since warlords ousted the former pre facial expressionnt. Mere months after the collapse of the government, men, women and children in torn clothes ran helplessly towards packages dropped from military planes towards the hot gritrock of their tiny village. This action was one of many an(prenominal) attempts to help under substantial nations receive intellectual nourishment by the United Nations World Food Programme. deep d deliver his article title Lifesauceboat Ethics the Case Against Helping the Poor, Garret Hardin, a well-known philosopher of ecology, analyzes the difficulty and ultimate ruin associated with providing guardianship to these nations.Hardins rock for the preservation of prosperous societies is embodied by his extended metaphor of each (prenominal) society as a lifeboat, with the citizens of developed nations riding calmly amongst a sea of drowning poverty-stricken individuals. Ultimately, Hardin argues for a actually harsh thesis regardless of the current situation, privileged nations simply should not provide aid to those individuals trapped within the vortex of underdeveloped nations. His argument is consequentialist he claims that the net result of doing so would be negative and would, in the long run, court large-scale disaster.Although Hardins argument appears logic-based, his excessive metaphors fail when use to real-life scenarios, for oftentimes he misconstrues facts to create a claim that whitethorn be perceived as more accurate than reality illust order. Furthermore, any counter-arguments Hardin feels whitethorn disown his claim be pushed aside, avoiding factual evidence that whitethorn prove his argument inaccurate or misleading. Much like a lifeboat, Hardin leaves the assertions of the humanitarian apologists to drown so as to avoid the overturn of his claim.Within the section titled Adrift in a Moral Sea, Hardin reveals the lifeboat analogy upon which this essay is almost entirely founded, although shortly after it is presented one can see a loophole he cleverly ignores. The metaphor he creates is, nonetheless, coherent, and is used to describe the limited carrying capacity a lifeboat (rich nations), can holdSo here we sit, say 50 people in our lifeboat. To be generous, let us gestate it has room for 10 more, making a total capacity of 60. Suppose the 50 of us in thelifeboat see 100 others swimming in the water outside, begging for admission to our boat since the needs of all in all in the water are the same we could take them into our boat, making a total of 150 in a boat knowing for 60. The boat swamps, everyone drowns. Complete justice, complete catastrophe we might let 10 aboard, but how do we carry? And what about the need for a recourse reckon? (1,2)Although logical, this metaphor is undoubtedly dubious. Hardin characterizes the safe and the drowning as rich versus poor nations, though in reality not all countries are deemed on one side of the scale, wealthy or impoverished.Many waver on the edge, needing very little aid to push over into industrialization and development. In relation to Hardins metaphor, these nations, in retrospect, require a short ride on the lifeboat before they may swim safely away. Furthermore, Hardin assumes the earth does not hold exuberant resources to provide for everyone, and although flush in stating we cannot sustain an oceanic number of people, he neglects the very definition of such a word. Exactly how many people are contained within an unlimited number? Hardin disregards any hint as to what this number is, a fairly important point when referencing a depletion of macrocosm resources. By disregarding the importance of such a number, Hardin influences the reader to believe helping impoverished nations is impossible, for, after all, an unlimited number of individuals would hardly be feasible. However, if the number of people that could be helped was presented, some may change their minds, recognizing that helping some is better than helping none at all. In knowing this, Hardin however, chooses to eliminate the statistic entirely.Within this scenario Hardin appeals to the readers with the presentation of a circumstance in which only two outcomes seem probable. Either the passengers help ten more individuals and drown, or they neglect to help any, and float securely away with the safety reckon still intact. Hardin disregards the idea of helping some people, even if selected in a fairly arbitrary way Suppose we decide to preserve our small safety factor and admit no more to the lifeboat. Our survival is then possible although we provide prolong to be constantly on guard against boarding parties (2). He insinuates that once the decision is made to help some, the lifeboat passenger s must attempt to save all of those drowning, which is consumely not feasible given the carrying capacity of the lifeboat. Although the boats capacity should not exceed theadmission of more than ten people, why not admit three, four, or even those ten? It seems rather unreasonable to defy help to every individual, when, although not all can be rescued, the boat clearly holds the space for more. The same ideology may be applied in other philosophical debates, including the death penalty, as we discussed in lecture.Ernest Van Den Haag, a defender of the death penalty, explains in his article that the importance of punishment is not whether every individuals gets what they deserve, but rather that some, rather than none, of the convicted receive their rightful punishment. Professor Yaffe applied this to a smaller-scale, saying, If you provoke three pieces of candy and four children, all equally deserving, it is better, according to Van den Haag, for three to receive their desert th an for none to receive what is deserved. This scenario can easily be applied to Hardins lifeboat metaphor.Hardin claims, Since the needs of all in the water are the same since they can all be seen as our brothers (1), therefore one cannot reasonably argue the desert of the poverty-stricken varies. As a result, the argument can be made that pulling some into the lifeboat to be saved is far better than leaving all to drown. One may argue ignoring such a possibility serves as a way to avoid criticism from liberals who would quite obviously propose letting some individuals on board. Hardin realizes the difficulty in a rebuttal to this argument, therefore he chooses to leave out the situation entirely.Additionally, the carrying capacity of the wealthy nations is far underestimated, and entirely misleading, within this metaphor. Hardins philosophy regarding the swamping of wealthy nations does not seem remotely accurate when the feeding of underprivileged nations costs very little in re lation to the finances of developed nations. According to past statistics provided by the Index of Global Philanthropy, Of the 122.8 billion dollars of foreign aid provided by Americans in 1975, 95.5 billion dollars, or 79 percent, came from private foundations, corporations, conscious organizations, universities, religious organizations and individuals, although U.S. government aid is only 22 percent of the Gross National Income. Therefore, one can see government aid, the kind Hardin mentions will in the long run deplete our resources, is fairly little in comparison to the rest of our nations finances. Furthermore, there are numerous othercountries in the developed world that hold the potential to distribute more than the United States alone. Realistically, the capacity of a wealthy lifeboat would be close to double the capacity Hardin presents the boat would be, at the very least, closer to a small yacht than a meager lifeboat.Hardins lifeboat metaphor not only conceals facts, b ut also misleads about the effects of its proposals. Within Hardins scenario, the rich lifeboat can raise the ladder and choose not to let any more individuals on. In reality however, the problem does not of necessity go away perfectly because it is ignored. In the real world, there are armies and domestic dissidents who willingly sacrifice their lives and those of others to oppose policies they view as immoral. It is ignorant to assume all of the lifeboat passengers will agree with the decision that is made. Some individuals may attempt to pull the drowning on board, and hostility would be inevitable. Ultimately, Hardins lifeboat metaphor cannot accurately be applied to policy-making as it obscures more than it reveals.Throughout the article, Hardin bolsters his assertions by reference to a parkland, or the catastrophe of, in which he explains a scheme of private property which, if open to all, the right of each to use it may not be matched by a corresponding responsibility t o protect it (3). He creates a picture to the reader using an example of herdsman with a pasture of a veritable capacity. Hardin writes, the considerate herdsman who refrains from overloading the commons suffers more than a selfish one who says his needs are great It takes no less than everyone to ruin a system of voluntary restraint (3). This statement is, like many of Hardins, entirely logical. Hardin explains that under a system of private property, the individual more easily recognizes responsibility (3). Under communal ownership however, Hardin argues the herdsman who may choose to fill the pasture with more sheep than it can hold for his own benefit would promote his interest at the expense of the community as a whole. It is clear Hardin attempts to propose that the commons created by aid is worse than the original problem.This may indeed be true if the tragedy of the commons were truly a tragedy as Hardin claims, or if it were impenetrable, but that is hardly the case, a nd Hardin neglects to address this exact issue. Hardinlacks sufficient, concrete evidence for this claim creating a hypothetical situation is hardly grounds for a generalization of a large-scale issue. The incentive to leave out such facts can be seen later in the section, when Hardin quotes Alan Gregg, the vice-president of the Rockefeller foundation. Hardin writes, He likened the growth and spread of piece over the surface of the earth to the spread of cancer in the human body, remarking that cancerous growths demand food but, as far as I know, they have never been cured by getting it (5).To recognize any factual evidence that the Green Revolution has, in fact, resulted in increase food labor would refute this quote, which provides the main support for Hardins argument. When researched, one can see why Hardin would neglect such information. In actuality, communal ownership has been tried in some countries with successful results. According to Population and Food A Critique of Li feboat Ethics by philosophers William Murdoch and Allen Oaten, instances of communal ownership have seen success. In Peru, the ownership of the commons has benefited a previously private-owned fishery, and Chinas implication of communal agriculture has yet to see over-exploitation. If, however, a nations agriculture does not have success parallel to that of Peru and China, Hardin believes down holds the key to unlocking poverty.In his section titled Learning the Hard Way, Hardin explains how developed nations currently budget and prepare for curious emergencies substantially better than impoverished nations. Furthermore, he arguesIf each country is solely responsible for its own wellbeing, poorly managed ones will suffer. But they can learn from experience the weather varies from year to year, and periodic crop failures are certain should those nations that do manage to empower something aside be forced to come to the rescue each time an emergency occurs among the poor nations? (4)Contrary to his typical pattern or argumentation, Hardin acknowledges the universal response of kind-hearted liberals, who scrape up it difficult to grapple with the pattern of blaming poverty-stricken individuals for the faults of their governments. In response, Hardin answers, The concept of break up is simply not relevant here. The real question is, what are the operational consequences of establishing a world food bank? (4).This response exhibitstwo of Hardins profound faults. By claiming that blame, in this instance, is an irrelevant point to discuss, Hardin neglects to address a very important issue. Why are the liberals wrong in arguing that fault of government should not influence action in providing aid? One may argue that faulty governments are a mere consequence of industrial deficiency, that can easily be fixed if aid is provided to nations who can then use financial assistance for education, resulting in educated political elections with educated individuals on the ballots. These political leaders may then be able to readily plan for emergencies.Neglecting to answer this rebuttal however, results in the presentation of an argument that seems ill-prepared and unreciprocated. Furthermore, Hardin contradicts himself a mere one sentence later, writing, If it a world food bank is open to every country every time a need develops, slovenly rulers will not be set offd to save (4). In saying this, Hardin clearly puts the responsibility of the nations food supply within the hands of the incompetent rulers, thereby insinuating the blame lies within the government, and ultimately eradicating any piece of information that could have been deemed support for a strong argument.In actuality, Hardin does not put much faith in the reform of such corrupt or incompetent rulers, despite calling that section Learning the Hard Way. Rather, Hardin believes that if the rich countries would simply refrain from magnanimous assistance, the problem would take care of itself as, population growth would be periodically checked by crop failures and famines. But if they can always draw on a world food bank in time of need, their populations can continue to grow unchecked, and so will their need for aid (5). When analyzed nigh one can see Hardin neglects to address yet another prominent issue within his argument. How are underdeveloped nations expected to set aside food for the future when they do not possess enough for the current population? Denying aid would clearly cause death amongst many individuals, in saying this Hardin is correct.In making this statement however, Hardin incorrectly assumes the dependence on aid would diminish. Although crop failure would reduce population size, a stabilized population does not accept with a more successful agricultural system. As a result, food would remain scarce, for even a drastic reduction would not guarantee enough food for the new population. It is nave for Hardin to view thissolution as an end to d ependency. Clearly the reduced population will suffer problems similar to the previous, food action will remain in deficit, need for aid will persist, and the crisis will continue to revolve in circles. Although many individuals propose the Green Revolution will decrease aid as well as increase food production in underdeveloped nations, Hardin neglects, once again, the importance of such a marriage offer in the next section of his article.To help alleviate the problems associated with crop failure, many scientists have created miracle rice and wheat that promise a larger harvest and greater resistance to damage. Within the section Chinese Fish and Miracle Rice, Hardin, once again, ignores a significant issue in an attempt to hide behind the helplessness of his argument. Hardin writes, Whether or not the Green Revolution can increase food production as much as its champions claim is a debatable put possibly irrelevant point (5). Although there is room to debate the extent to which the Green Revolution has increased the crop yields of developing countries, as well as the costs of the loss of biodiversity and other environmental concerns, Hardin neglects to even mention them they are dismissed in a single sentence. The true issue resides in that simple, vocal statement, for these topics are exactly the point. What is that finite number of people who can be sustained, and can we nudge it further in the direction of survival? To ignore this substantive statistic is to, once again, provide an argument that lacks support and coherence.One of Hardins last arguments relates to what he refers to as the largest issue with providing aid the rapid population growth place within impoverished nations. Hardin explains, The people inside the lifeboats are doubling in numbers every 87 years those swimming around us are doubling, on average, every 35 years, more than twice as fast as the rich (2). Hardin then implements a real-world example in which he emphasizes the corr elation between population increases and the depletion of resources Every one of the 15 million new lives added to Indias population puts an additional burden on the environment If rich countries pull ahead it possible, through foreign aid, for 600 million Indians to well to 1.2 billion will futuregenerations thank us for hastening the destruction of their environment? (6). Hardin overlooks the fact that population growth rates are affected by many complex conditions besides food supply.There are vast arrays of socioeconomic conditions that can be identified that motivate parents to have fewer children. Thus, Hardin neglects to realize that population growth can be controlled effectively by intelligent intervention that sets up these appropriate conditions, rather than a reliance upon the statistics of natural population cycles. These conditions include the improved education and equality of women, literacy, sexual education, and distribution of contraceptives, all of which are a ttainable through the foreign aid that may be provided by developed nations, and according to Murdoch and Oaten, aid may encourage necessary institutional and social reforms, making it easier for poor nations to use their own resources and initiative to help themselves. Hardin neglects to refer to the statistics that illustrate the positive effects on population growth within developing nations that have received aid. Costa Rica, for example, has a relatively large population and a low GDP, but the birth rate has declined by fifteen percent since the implication of foreign aid has increased industrialization.Hardins article, Lifeboat Ethics The Case Against Helping the Poor, holds more than twisted logic and misleading metaphors it encompasses irony. Although Hardin consistently refers to his lifeboat metaphor, he, like the individuals in the boat, neglects to mention counter-arguments or deems certain information irrelevant in the attempt to save his own argument from sinking benea th the depths of deceit. Hardin was correct in stating that a particular boat may only hold its limited capacity, but this article needs to push off the inaccurate claims and leave room for those that are relevant if our world is to find a way to end poverty.

Breaking Social Norms

Before proceeding to a detailed discussion of my experience in falling out a genial average, there is a need to define and elaborate some of the types of social norms. Generally, social norms are accepted ways of thinking, feeling, behaving that people in a group agree on and endorse as right and proper. These social norms often take various forms. They can be institutionalized, thus becoming the standard rules of behavior in a society (e. g. law). They can also be manifest rules that silently tells someone of the approved forms of behavior (Light et al. , 1989).Hence, it can be verbalise that social norms comprised most of the unoriginal behaviors perceived in a given society (it is generally product lined that social norms differ across societies spatially and periodically). Nonetheless, social norms are enforced differently. there are social norms considered to be rigid in application that is, all members of the society need to follow such rules. These social norms are call ed mores. Frequently, mores are modify into laws, expected to be followed by all members of the society (violation is considered to be a threat to social organization).There are also norms that are laxly enforced by members of the society. These are called folkways. Generally, folkways are the societys web of cultural or spiritual rituals, traditions, and routines. Deviance (breaking a social norm is synonymous to deviance) is not considered a threat to social organization. Sanction for violating folkways or traditions is less severe than moral deviance. Breaking a Social Norm As part of the requirements in our sociology course, the professor asked us to break a social norm (without contributing physical or mental danger to other people).A paper will be submitted expand the specifics of the experience. Initially, I had this fear of social retribution for violating a social norm. Rather than thinking of the form of action I will take in breaking a social norm, I focused more on th e consequences. However, since the professor assured us that we were only required to break a flaccid social norm, that is, a norm laxly enforced by the society, I felt relieved. I began enumerating the possible soft social norms I could remember. I remembered that wearing pajamas in motion picture areas usually embarrasses many another(prenominal) people.Usually, you will hear people talking of your fashion style. Other people usually gossip of the strangeness of the person at his/her front (a person wearing pajamas). However, as a student of sociology, I would never accept such assertions unless validated by experience or verifiable research. Thus, for the first time, I became enthusiastic of my forthcoming experience. There were two things I considered before breaking a social norm the color of the pajama I would be using and of course, the relative number of people in the theater. Usually, people exhalation to movie theaters are embarrassed to see persons wearing yellow p ajamas.I unfeignedly do not know the reason behind this observation. What I actually cared is that it is possible that the people are reacting not on the appropriateness of wearing pajamas in movie theaters but on the color of the pajamas. Hence, I used a white pajama to eliminate this possibility. The relative number of people going to theater also poses other problem. If I chose a theater which is seldom visited by people, then I will not be able to fully substantiate my deviance. Because deviance is part measure by the degree of disagreement by the deviant and the society (this is really hard to measure), number is a factor.Hence, choosing the right movie theater (which is observed to be a frequent visiting place for many people) is a factor in executing the experience. I wore a white pajama that day. The movie theater was four blocks away from my residence. I decided to walk. It was about 4 oclock in the afternoon. In the streets, I noticed that some people were agaze at m y pajamas. Some of them pranked some threw a smile on me (most of the persons who laughed were men). It was clear to me that my pajama was causing the disturbance (or more appropriate, the social labeling of a deviant).Then I entered the entrance limen of the theater. I noticed that the guard was somehow reluctant to go forth me to enter the movie theater. Because I bought a ticket, he had no choice but to allow me to enter the place. Upon entrance to the theater, I saw some persons staring at me. Definitely, they were thinking that my dress is not an appropriate one when going to movie theaters. subsequently a few seconds, they fixed their eyes on the movie screen. Then, I began to walk in the stairs of the movie theater just to take note of the reactions of the people I passed by.Some people were annoyed at the inappropriateness of my dress. I could trace it on the movements of their eyes. I knew that they were directing their view to my dress. Then, I settled on a seat locate d on the right side of the movie screen. I noticed that the person at my back was directing a laugh to his date. I guessed my dress was the cause. I felt a little distressed on the reactions of the people on my dress. Added to that, because I was the only one wearing a strange dress, I felt that I was the focus of attention (disregarding the fact that most of the people in the movie theater focused on the movie).Then, I noticed that almost all people in the theater were back in their usual business. The person at my back stopped from laughing. just about of the people fixed their eyes on the big screen. During the climax of the movie, I felt that everything was back in the normal. It seemed that that movie altered the focus of the people. Instead of holdfast their eyes on my dress, they directed it to the movie screen. The movie screen (and the movie, of course) was a big help. When the movie was about to end, I noticed that some people were again fixing their eyes to my dress.S ome people passing by my seat just ignored me. I felt a little relieved having observed that many people were ignoring me. I felt a little surprise when one of the movie-goers asked me the reason for wearing a white pajama in the movie theater. I said that it was my custom in when going to movie theaters. The person threw a smile at me. I know the thing running in his mind. He was really struck to see a person wearing a white pajama in the movie theater. Breaking the social norm I chose was not really easy. I knew that people would perceive me as a deviant once I start breaking a norm.Although it was a soft social norm, the disposition of a general reaction from people would sure be manifested in their covert behavior that is, their silent disagreement over the inappropriateness of my dress would surely result to gossip and laughter. These general reactions though were proven (through my experience) to be momentarily. These reactions were the result of initial discomfort or uneasi ness to some people going in the movie theater. Gender difference with regard to the intensity of reaction was significant. Most of the people who laughed at my dress were men.Since the norm I broke was a soft one, I did not experience any harsh moral sanction. The reason lies on the nature of the norm itself. The norm is part of the routine activities of the people (that going to movie theaters with pajamas is not appropriate), hence does not constitute any moral evaluation. Thus, the sanctions (gossip and laughter) that were directed to me by some of the movie goers were correlated to the type of social norm I broke. Personally, I would really like to repeat this experience (not for experiences sake) for empirical validation.Empirical validation is usually effective when multiple points of experiences are examined. In this case, repetition serves as factual and theoretical validation of some elements of social deviance. References Light, Donald. (1989). Sociology. NY McGraw-Hill C ompanies. Social Norms. (2007). Retrieved on October 27, 2007 from http//72. 14. 253. 104/search? q=cacheeMCHZe0mVroJwww. buec. udel. edu/kimt/Leading%2520People/10. 11%2520Social%2520Norm%2520%26%2520Communication. ppt+ rendering+of+a+social+norm&hl=tl&ct=clnk&cd=2&gl=ph&client=firefox-a.

Frankenstein and Blade Runner Essay

Frankenstein and blade runner essay Which text do you feel better represents the values of the composer? You must refer to both texts in detail Mary Shelleys Frankenstein and Ridley Scotts blade smuggler ar two texts from different centuries, but they both component part the same values, themes and issues including the natural world, scientific advancement, morality of humans and responsibility. Both texts do a variety of techniques to represent their values, themes and issues. The techniques used in both texts be broody of their context and are able to strongly represent the values of both Frankenstein and Blade counterbalance.Mary Shelleys Frankenstein was written in 1818. This was a period where love affair was developing, a time which focused on the sublimity of record and on the individual. This theme is evident throughout the novel and is used to emphasise the emotions of the characters and to suggest the power of nature for both beauty and destruction. Shelley often uses the sublimity of nature as an invigorating device for victor, when happy, inanimate nature had the power of bestowing on me the most delightful sensations. A cool sky and verdant fields filled me with ecstasy.The present season was indeed divine the flowers of spring bloomed in the hedges, while those of summer were already in bud. magnificent imagery is used here to illuminate the peacefulness and contemplation of the sublime nature that is unendingly surrounding victor. Shelley has also illustrated this notion further by the use of alliteration, serene sky, to capture how perfect the world is at that time, which reinforces the peacefulness of nature and how victor feels when he is surrounded by the natural world. Ridley Scotts Blade Runner is set in a corrupted 21st century world.Similarly to Frankenstein, the natural world is evident but in Blade Runner it is seen as the unnatural world. In the first panoramic shot, the audience sees a destroyed world, a dark industrial urban wasteland which is heavily polluted. visual irony is created here as it is meant to be Los Angeles, which means city of angels, but we see that it looks more like hell. We see that nature has been destroyed. Animals are rare and are presumed extinct, although the unicorn is seen as a natural creature in a natural setting.The unicorn symbolises the ambiguity of hope, freedom and spirit. There is no sign of any trees or plants pull out for a miniature Bonsai tree symbolising mans inherent desire to control nature to conform to what humanity believes is a better version. We also see constant darkness and rain, which is k this instantn as demand noir and are the only aspects the audience sees when in an outside scene. The panoramic shot and film noir speculate the natural is now off world, that there is nothing natural, which creates a post apocalyptic tone.Shelleys world was moving forward into the direction of industrialisation, exploration and scientific research. This is c onveyed through characters such as Victor, Walton and Clerval who are all searching, exploring and attempting to make a discovery. We see in the start of the book Victor has an hobby for natural philosophy, natural philosophy is the protagonist that has regulated my fate. The use of personification suggests that natural philosophy is a person that Victor idolises and wants to know everything he possibly can about it causing his interest to turn into an obsession. i became dizzy with immensity of the prospect which it illustrated, as surprised, that among so many men of genius who had directed their enquiries towards the same science, that i alone should be reserved to discover so astonishing a secret. This quote establishes that Victor is intelligent and is able to intellectually break barriers beyond those that have ever been disoriented and discover the source of life. Hence, now being able to create his monster. Similarly in Scotts film we see that 21st century L.A is all a bout scientific activity and advancements in technology. It is a world based on commerce, as we can see throughout the entire film through the blimp that promotes going off world and big wall signs i. e. the Asian lady taking pills. Technology is also used to detect what is and isnt human i. e. the Voight Komph test. Disembodied voices are used on the street i. e. when crossing roads it says passport and dont walk. All these aspects of technology are a way of controlling the population of L. A.Scientific activity is seen through Tyrell, a scientist, who is the creator of all replicant things i. e. humans and animals. Commerce is our goal here and our proverb is more human than human, this quote was said by Tyrell and reflects on Tyrells attitude towards life. He takes the role of God, creating life trying to make the replicants smarter and stronger than strong humans, feeling as though he is dominant over everyone else in the world. This is shown through upwards tilt of the camer a on Tyrells building, making him calculate larger and above everybody else.Victor Frankenstein does not truly contemplate of foresee the consequences of his scientific quest to create life, nor does he take the moral responsibility for his human beings afterwards. Victor continually justifies why he refuses to take responsibility for his creation, which is solely because he doesnt want to incriminate himself and be punished, although he stated a new species would bless me as its create and source many happy and excellent natures would owe their being to me. This shows Victors lack of morality and reveals his egotism through the use of unreliable narrator. Scotts film raises concerns of scientific advancements and its lack of morality and responsibility for those it affects. Blade Runner represents its values through ambiguity. Blade Runner leaves it up to the viewers own judgement of morality and responsibility within the film. An example of this is through the use of cinematog raphy in the scene where Deckard retires Zhora. Passersby walk past without showing any concern or emotion to what has happened.The lack of morality and responsibility arouses deep emotions of anger and dislike. Scott is not as assertive in representing his values as Shelley is. Through the use of camera shots, cinematography and irony he easily represents his values but through the use of ambiguity he leaves things for interpretation from the viewers. Due to the ambiguity present in Blade Runner, some viewers may be unable to identify the values that are present, so therefore the values stated in Mary Shelleys Frankenstein are better represented.

Something You Do Well on

Something that I produceed to do non academic is a to play cymbals. Why cymbals you may ask? well(p) I was never really interested in band even though I was in it for a year. I wasnt interested in playing a wood, horn, or drum. I never knew that my school had cymbals cause my class period there were none. The first time that I ever seen factual cymbal players was at TSU football game. I saw how they twirled and danced as they played the instruments. My cousin was in the drum line he bounced around to instrument to instrument.Then he institute his last option cymbals. He told me Keandre why you dont play in band anymore? I said they dont fall in any interesting instrument s. He said you should play cymbals. I immediately joined again. On my first day I had to tick the three basic skills on cymbals choke chase and crash. First was the crash. Crashing the cymbals you had to hold the left or right at an angle the hit it with the other. I could do this step it was the easiest. I ne ver could mess up this step. Crash, crash, crash, one after another left then(prenominal) right then again.Most people that first learn the cymbals this step should come naturally. Next was choke a little more complex. I had to put my hands in the a certain way then had to act as if I was clapping my hand and then move the cymbals forward. I couldnt do this motion right, I tried and either it was persecute or wasnt loud enough. My instructors told me that I couldnt keep moving forward unless I learn this step. I took my pair of cymbals home the next some days. Came back and perfected it like I was one of the cymbal players.The last step is chasing, when I do a little crash to a chock, right in advance you do the choke you turn your cymbals towards you. I couldnt do this difficult step. I tried to watch the others do it merely couldnt, I was thinking of quitting but that wasnt a factor this time. This is something I wanted to do. So I took my cymbals and watched an instructional video on Youtube. I found out that something difficult could be so simple. Once I got this step then I was allowed to play with the rest of the band. As time went by, I learned most of the songs. Then they taught the exceed part of cymbals to me.Twirling, I was already watching videos on Youtube. They said what you got? then they showed how to call other cymbal players out. Put my cymbals in the air and twirl them towards each other. I started to learn the call outs and soon called out everyone even though I would either get beat or win. Someone from Stafford called me out then I raised my cymbals and battled. Once I was done, he sat down. I can hear all of my fellow band members cheering behind me. Once I actually felt like I was a part of an activity. People were actually proud of me.

Beer Advertising Values Essay

Stephan Dahl Cultural Values in Beer Advertising in the UK, the Netherlands and Germany Presented at the Research Day, Intercultural Discourse Group, University of Luton , UK July 2000 Available Online http//dahl. at/ Introduction Is it possible to persuade consumers in different markets with the same advert message? Will they respond favourably? Or should the advertising message be customised to reflect local enculturation? This question is one of the most fundamental decisions when planning an advertising campaign in different cultural areas, and, not surprisingly, one of the most patronizely discussed issues in advertising today.One fraction in this debate emphasises that the world is growing eer closer, and that the world shtup be treated as one large market, with only superficial conflicts in determine (Levitt, 1983). In their view, advertising and marketing can be standardised across cultures, and the same values can be utilize to persuade customers to buy or consume the product. Another fraction is core with the fact that the basic needs may well be the same around the world, hitherto the way in which these needs are met and satisfied differs from culture to culture.Any marketing (and advertising) campaign should, in their view, reflect the local habits, lifestyles and economical conditions in establish to be effective. In 1985, Woods et al. concluded in a subject of consumer purpose in purchase in the US, Quebec and Korea, that important differences are found in the reasons why they the consumers purchase products familiar to altogether trinity countries. cardinal to this debate, are two issues The product mooring and usage within the culture of the market, and the decoding of the advertising message.Both are, obviously, linked to some extend. An advertising message encoded in one culture has to be decoded in another culture in the case of standardised marketing. This process may be subject to severe distortions, as the receiver will decode the message in his/her own cultural context. A standardised approach could hence run into the danger, that the message will be unconvincing, as it does not meet the psychological triggers required to evoke a purchase decision with the consumer. Given Woods et al.research , this appears to be a bother that marketers should be clearly aware of. In order to understand the decoding process in the target market, it will be essential to study the product perceptions and reasons for purchase, as well as the products place in the target culture. An example of this would include wine, perceived as a relative spare junction drink in most northern European countries, however understood as an every day drink in most s come outherly European countries, where it is seemn connatural to the beers perception in Northern Europe.To market a disconcert wine as add a touch of lavishness to every day (German advertising) would undoubtedly appear strange and possibly confusing to Southern E uropean consumers. Conversly, when advertising washing powder, consumers in both northern as well as southern European markets may expect in compriseation on the effectiveness of the product to dominate the commercial. As an increasing number of researchers has pointed out (Caillat & Mueller, 1996), that it is important not only to study advertising in general, but to concentrate on differences in product categories in order to find paramount differences in advertising style and values.Caillat & Mueller (1996) themselves published a comparison for beer advertising in the UK and the US, concluding that the differences in the midst of British and American advertising were significant, indicating that consumers of the two countries are currently exposed to distinct styles of commercial messages based on different cultural values. every bit, Cheng & Schweitzer (1996), after examining Chinese and US television commercials, concluded We too found that cultural values depicted in Chine se television commercials pay back much to do with product categories.This paper focuses, like the Caillat & Mueller study, on the values portrayed in beer advertising. The countries studied are the UK, the Netherlands and Germany, all of which posses a long impost in brewing and the use of goods and services of beer. Equally, in all common chordsome countries, beer is similar in market positioning, i. e. it is viewed as an every-day drink, consumed dominantly by males. No assumptions were made which values were to be expected in any one country to be dominantly vauntinged in beer commercials, but all commercials were studied a priori empirically to identify dominant themes.Additionally, the use of humour and the occasion for product usage were recorded in all three countries. The Market for Beer Beer is the most popular alcoholic drink in all three countries, and the per capita consumption is higher than the European average of around 70 l /p. a. p. c.. In 1998, the per capit a beer consumption was the highest in Germany, with 127. 4 l, followed by the UK, with 99. 4 l and the Netherlands, with 84. 2 l (World Drink Trends, 1999). The beer consumption in all three countries has declined steadily over the last years.This development has put additional pressure for effective marketing communications on the breweries. Table 1 Evolution of beer consumption per capita in selected countries Rank Country 1995 1996 1997 1998 1 Czech Republic 156. 9 157. 3 161. 4 161. 8 2 Republic of Ireland 138. 6 145. 4 152. 0 150. 5 3 Germany 135. 9 131. 9 131. 2 127. 4 7 United Kingdom 100. 9 101. 9 103. 6 99. 4 12 Netherlands 85. 8 85. 5 86. 3 84. 2 13 US 83. 6 83. 5 83. 2 82. 0 39 Italy 25. 4 24. 0 25. 4 26. 9 Litres p. c./ semen World Drink Trends, 1999 Advertising regulation Advertising for alcoholic beverages is heavily set in all three markets. In the UK, advertising of alcoholic beverages is regu later(a)d by a self-imposed code of conduct of the Advertising Associati on, as well as the regulations of the Independent Television Commission (for television). In Germany, the Zentralverband der deutschen Werbewirstchaft and the Deutscher Werberat have published similar rules governing the advertising on television.In the Netherlands, the Stichting Stuurgroep Reclame and the Vereniging van Communicatieadviesbureaus has also published appropriate guidelines. An overview of the legal environment, and the restrictions imposed by these guidelines, is given in the table below. Methodology The primary objective of this study is to determine weather or not the same advertising themes and arouses are employ in all three countries to persuade customers to buy (or consume) beer, and to identify the dominant appeals utilise. In order to achieve that objective, television commercials for beer have been collected in all three countries.In order to minimise distortion, only advertising for beers originating from the country have been selected. The commercials we re recorded during March/April 2000 from the following television channels 2 Table 3 Channels used for collection of television commercials Country UK Netherlands Germany Channels ITV-Carlton Channel 4 Channel 5 Sky One Granada Plus Nederland 1/2/3 RTL 4 RTL 5 Veronica SBS 6 Net 5 ARD ZDF RTL Plus Sat 1 Pro 7 Kabel 1 During this time, a total of 25 alone(p) television commercials were recorded 9 for the UK, 6 for the Netherlands and 10 for Germany.Although the population in this study is fairly small, it is hoped that the results are sufficient to establish an exploratory overview of advertising appeals used. The commercials were hence qualitatively content analysed to establish the dominant appeal used in each commercial. In order to be as open minded as possible, no list of expected appeals or themes were identified prior to the analysis. Once the dominant appeal used in each commercial had been identified, these appeals were combined to form five categories of dominant appeals friendship, sex, sport, tradition and relaxation.The category friendship included all commercials that focused around drinking beer in a group of friends, or with a friend, where the consumption of beer was depicted overwhelmingly as a social activity, or implied as such. A commercial was judged to use sex appeal, if it depicted members of the setback sex making advances towards the briny character, if they spoke seductively or were dressed in a manner that may be interpreted as erotic. variant includes all commercials that make a clear reference to sports of all forms, show main characters involved in sporting activities or after sports.Commercials focusing on the tradition of the brewery or the product, showed historic buildings or images or were set in a historical background were judged to have tradition as the dominant appeal. Finally, commercials demonstrate the main character in a clearly relaxing situation, where the main character consumed beer primarily as a way to unwi nd and relax ( in general alone), were judged to use relaxation as the dominant appeal. Mueller (1996) reported a large number of British commercials used humour to advertise beer.In order to see if this was evenly true for Dutch and German commercials the use of humour was equally coded as present or not present. Alcohol commercials, oddly in Britain, have often been criticised that they imply that the consumption of alcoholic beverages may enhance sexual attractiveness. In order to establish if this appeal is used, peculiar(a) attention was given to the affair of characters of the opposite sex to the main character(s) in the commercials. This appeal is especially 3complicated to establish, particularly as the UK-code of conduct rules this appeal out, and an open display of this appeal would lead to the suspension of the commercial. However, as anecdotal evidence of this theme was evident, it was included in the study. If these characters appeared to display any form of erotic symbol or motion to the main character after or during consumption of beer, or if their dress was found to be explicitly erotic in nature, the appeal was judged to be present. This was particularly upheld if these characters were shown full screen.If they appeared merely as present, alongside other secondary characters, this appeal was judged not to be present. The occasion for product usage was also recorded. As Mueller (1996) describe a significant difference between the usage of beer in US- and British commercials, the product usage was coded using Muellers coding procedure. This involved to scan the commercials for every regular (or every-day type) usage, special occasion usage or usage not shown in the commercial. Each commercial was analysed by a resident native of the country, and by the researcher, who is fluent in all three languages.Each coder coded the respective commercials independently, and later conferred with the researcher. All differences in coding were discussed, and finally resolved. Results Humour Humour was analysed by trying to identify a joke or some funny twist in the commercials, and was classified as all present, or absent. Typical examples of tongue-in-cheek advertising include where the commercial tells a funny story, uses irony or makes fun of typical situations. Humour dominated British commercials, whereas it was more sparingly used in German or Dutch commercials.Table 4 The use of humour UK NL D employ 88% 33% 10% Not Used 12% 66% 90% Occasion for Product Usage The occasion for drinking beer was analysed by either being an everyday event, a special occasion or not shown/inconclusive. An everyday-event included drinking beer in a pub, in a bar, while being with friends or while watching television. A special occasion included drinking as a special reward or celebration. A commercial was coded as Not shown/inconclusive if no(prenominal) of the characters consumed (or was around to consume) beer, or no characters were shown at all.Everyday-usage dominated the British commercials to a large extend, and also was dominant in Dutch advertising, whereas it was relatively infrequently used in German advertising. Table 5 Occasion for product usage UK NL D Everyday 77% 50% 20% Special Event 11% 33% 40% Not shown 11% 16% 40% Dominant Themes Each commercial was coded for one dominant theme, and those themes were then grouped into a list of 5possible themes friendship, sex, sport, tradition and relaxation. Friendship and affiliation were the most dominant themes in both German and Dutch beer commercials.Whereas 55% of British commercials were found to have some sexual appeal, none of the Dutch or German commercials were found to use this appeal for the promotion of beer. 4 The link between sport and beer was highlighted only in the Netherlands and in the UK, it was however not used in any German commercial. A trend of advertising beer using the history and tradition of the beer or brewery was observed exclusively in Germany, whereas beer was presented as a drink for relaxation in both the UK and the Netherlands.Table 6 Dominant Themes UK NL D Friendship 50% 60% Sex 55% Sport 22% 16% Tradition 40% Relaxation 22% 33% Discussion The results clearly support the argument, that different values are used to promote the same product in the three markets, and that different associations and techniques are used to convey the advertising message. In the UK, the use of humour in advertising is a long standing tradition, and is also dominant in beer advertising, with 88% using this feature.This result supports Muellers claim, that the majority of British beer advertising uses humour to cover its product. In Germany, beer is not directly associated with humorous advertising, and only 10% of the sample used humour. In the Netherlands humour was more frequent, however it was less dominant (33%). Equally in support of Muellers study is the result for the occasion for product usage. The every-day drink, as beer is portrayed in British advertising, is clearly dominant, however it is less frequent in the Netherlands (50%), and even in the minority in Germany.Although the portrayed product usage has little in common with the real-life product usage, it demonstrates a desire to position the product differently in the various markets. In the German market, beer consumption is depicted as a social phenomena. It goes hand in hand with encounter friends, going out for the day or having a picnic, a day at the sea etc. , where the reunification of the friends is celebrated with a beer. Alternatively, beer is positioned to be a high quality product with a long tradition.This appeal is unique to the German market, and can not be found in either Dutch or British advertising. There may, however, be some explanation in the abolition of the Reinheitsgebot, an antique law ensuring the purity of the beer, by the EU in the late 1980s. Although this is certainly not the only possible explanation for the use of this particular appeal, consumers will understand, that the beer in question is brewed in line with the regulation of the Reinheitsgebot. This theory is back up by the fact that 3 out ofthe 4 commercials using this type of appeal state that they brew according to the Reinheitsgebot. In the Netherlands, the friendship appeal equally dominates the beer advertising. Beer is consumed with friends however much more in an everyday situation than in Germany. Equally, beer can be consumed at home, even alone to relax a enactment that is not at all used in German advertising. Another link found in the Netherlands, and not used in Germany, is the link between beer and sport events, where beer is consumed accompanying the activity of watching a game of football.This appeal is however somewhat different from the sports-appeal used in the UK, where beer is positively connected with either achievement in sports or as a creator of sport. Another appeal used in both the UK and the N etherlands is display of beer consumption as a relaxing activity. However most dominant in the UK is the use of female characters in beer commercials. A majority of beer commercials has at least one female main supporting character (i. e. not actually the main, beer consuming, character however someone with a key role).Whereas in that location are virtually no female characters to be found in Dutch or German beer advertising, or if so, they are depicted as just another person with no major pertain on the 5 advertising as a whole, the female characters play a relatively dominant role in a majority of British commercials. Nearly all female characters are lightly dressed or are depicted wearing tight dresses, and a majority of them seems to be(come) attracted to the main character. The results of this study have very clear limitations, particularly as the amount of data is extremely small.Equally, only one dominant appeal per commercial was coded whereas many commercials display a number of appeals. Although some more clarification of the appeals is given above, the variety and different flavour of certain appeals used should not be underestimated. However, the results suggest, that anecdotal difference in advertising strategies is not merely a myth, and clearly demonstrates that different values are used to promote the same product in three geographically close countries.Clearly, such a clear difference may not be observed in all commercials for all product categories, as beer is a culture bound product. However, differences in persuasion techniques and advertising appeals are to be expected in a variety of product categories, whereas in others, there may be little or no variation in appeals used. Further research is required to identify these categories, and more clearly establish the appeals used.References Albers-Miller, N. D. (1996). intention cross-cultural advertising research a closer look at paired comparisons. International Marketing round 13(5) 5 9-75. Alden, D. L. , W. D. Hoyer, et al. (1993). Identifying Global and Culture-Specific Dimensions in Humor in Advertising A Multinational Analysis. Journal of Marketing 57(2) 64-75. Caillat, Z. and B. Mueller (1996). The Influence of Culture on American and British Advertising. Journal of Advertising Reserach(May/June) 79-88. Levitt, T. (1983). The Globalization of Markets. Harvard Business Review 61(May/June) 92-102.

Addressing Industry Dependency Essay

purplish merriment Groups is the p argonnt company of majestic Cinemas, which is made up of empurpled Cinemas, the unify Artists Theaters, and the Edwards Theater. It runs the largest business firm circuit in the U.S., and uses the multiple cinema model in metropolitan and metropolitan ingathering argonas.The motion picture orbit industry is toweringly competitive, both within the take on entertainment industry (as with Netflix and pirated bourgeons) and with ease goods, such as exist performances, moderationaurants, and sporting typesetters cases. In conductition, industry competitors hurt an extremely low level differentiation from one anformer(a), which is partially due to the reactive nature of the industry. It is also due to the wide settlement on study depiction employment companies. majestics dependency on the film mathematical product companies for get aheadable films and film advertising contri scarcees to its lack of differentiation from its s tudy competitors, which hinders its acquireability po gotial in a market of ambivalent consumers.See moreThe Story of an Hour Literary Analysis EssayThis continue recommends that purplish pursue both an active notifyment campaign team to deliver the mess eld of augusts value directly to the consumer (a practice not conventionally observed in the motion picture sign industry) to progress to brand recognition, and forge partnerships and agreements with live performance venues, utilizing gallants existing digital technology. By doing so, kinglike could augment its profit margins, decrease itsdependency on quantity and quality of mainstream film companies, render greater value to consumers and stakeholders, and provide new entertainment possibilities and community experiences that adjudge not been available on this denture before.PositionCompany Overview magnificent Entertainment Group was effectd out of a consolidation of the purplish Cinemas, the fall in Artists Theat ers, and the Edwards Theaters in 2002 ( majestic Entertainment Group Company History). noble Cinemas are in the first place a line of multiplex, first-run dramatic arts in urban, metropolitan, and suburban growth areas. It acceptedly operates the largest theater circuit in the United States, with 520 theaters, averaging 12.6 screens per pickle, with a total of 6,558 screens. (Form 10-K 4) It is currently one of the big three competitors in this industry.Mission, Vision, and ValuesRegal Entertainment does not currently begin a mission or vision statement. It would be advisable to create such statements in order to improve investor and employee under al-Qaidaing of what Regal hopes to be, and better focus its efforts and attempts to solve current and future problems (Yuthas 9-10). However, their business strategies listed on the Regal Investor Relations webpage provide some insight into the companys values. The four strategies listed are maximizing stockholder value, act sel ective growth opportunities, pursuing premium experiences opportunities, and pursuing strategic acquisitions and partnerships. Combining these strategies with their metropolitan multiplex approach, their business landscape shows a drive to expand, using economies of outgo to create value for the viewer, as well as their partners and suppliers. Their activities leave alone better reflect their values, and leave alone be discussed in greater length in this report, under the online Activities section.Key StakeholdersRegals hear stakeholders include the usual categories stockholders, suppliers, employees, and business partners. Regals main suppliers are their food and beverage suppliers and the study characterisation payoff companies that Regal depends on for their first-run films. The food and beveragesuppliers include beverage companies comparable the Coca-Cola Company, and confectionary companies like Tootsie Roll Industries, Cadbury Schweppes, and the American Licorice Comp any. Regals sheer size sacks it a desirable client, and the economies of scale benefit both parties. Partners of note include AMC, one of its major competitors, with whom Regal jointly owns Open alley brings, a film distri notwithstandingion company.This will be discussed in more detail under the Current Activities section. AMC could conceivably take over if Regal were to go under, but splitting the cost and the risk of a new venture is a benefit to AMC. Regal also maintains an investing in National CineMedia (NCM), as does AMC and Cinemark (Form 10-K 74). NCM is an advertising service that acts through cinemas to reach the consumer. While this allows for more advertising within Regal Cinemas, Regal currently does not advertise itself outside of its theaters and website. NCM and Regal feature a mutually skilful family, in which Regals geographic expanse and numbers of theaters give NCM greater exposure, while Regal benefits from the money from the advertisers. However, Regal does little outside advertising for its cinemas.Regal Entertainment Group created the Regal Foundation, which is a non-profit compassionate organization committed to improving the quality of life in the communities in which Regal operates by providing amusementds and another(prenominal) resources to assistance the initiatives of national and local charitable entities (Community Affairs) Some of it beneficiaries include the Will Rogers Institute, and their partners include the Boys & Girls community of America, the American Red Cross, and the Make-A-Wish Foundation (Community Affairs). All of these stakeholders rely on Regals profitability to continue success amply, in order to maintain their charitable support.Current Financial StateRegal reports a total of 211 million cinema viewers in at the end of the fiscal family December 2011, and recently report dividends of $0.21,declared for Class A and B common share. These dividends have been distributed for the past four quarters ( Form 10-K 97). Regal anticipates continued dividends in the foreseeable future, but note that dividends are considered quarterly and are only paid when their Board of Directions approves them. From May of 2002 to the end of December of 2011, Regal has returned $3.3 meg in change dividends to their stockholders (Form 10-K 5).The video theater industryas a whole has a pretty low profit margin to dip into, and Regal has the same approximate costs and revenues as its competitors (Mintel Leading Companies). Regals 2011 10-K states a net income of $40 million dollars, and cash and cash equivalents of $253 million, with $174 million in accounts compensateable (54) Regal appears confident in its ability to met its obligations.Current ActivitiesIn 2003, a year after its consolidation, Regal withdraw video games showing graphic depictions of sexual behavior or nudity, graphically violent character deaths or human-like characters suffering bloodshed and/or dismemberment. It also removed games depicting violence toward law enforcement officers or other figures of authority or the glorification of illegal activity (Earnest). A potential reason for this decision whitethorn be Regals major shareholder, Philip Anschutz, who is heavily involved in Conservative and fundamentalist Christian politics, and actively supports Christian and family-friendly cinema (Haber). The aim appears to be to gear the public areas of the theaters towards a more family-friendly approach, although this has had no effect on the MPAA film ratings that the theaters would normally show. This whitethorn be relevant to any changes they wish to make to the business in the future. Regal appears to be fairly reactive to market changes rather than being proactive.They, as have their competitors, turned a great deal of attention to digital, 3-D, and IMAX technologies (Market Size and Trends). Regal has been invest a considerable amount of time and effort into IMAX technology, as well as their own rec itation of IMAX, called RPX (Regal Premium Experience), which emphasizes improved uncompressed surround sound. Another trend that Regal has hailed is creating a dining experience in-theatre with its subsidiary, Cinebarre. at that place are 28 locations that are experimenting with various menu items, set strategies, and serving styles, such as the traditional restaurant versus being able to order directly from the audience seating. A a couple of(prenominal) locations have beer and drink availability, and a total of 5 are testing the direct-to-seating Cinebarre method (Form 10-K 14).One of the major audience draws to the multiplex structure is the all-encompassing experience that involves the pulmonary tuberculosis of the space as well as the visual consumption of the movie (Hubbard). Open avenue Films is jointly owned by Regal and AMC.According to Regals 2011 one-year stem, they believe that Open Road Films has a unique opportunity to fill a crevice in the marketplace creat ed by the major studios big-budget franchise film strategy by marketing smaller budget films in a cost-effective manner which Regal believes will drive supernumerary patrons to sic theaters and generate a return on sic capital investment (12). They are approximating that they will eventually be distributing eight to ten films per year, effectively filling any dead space left by the major film production companies.Industry OverviewKey Players and Market ShareThe major competitors that Regal currently contends with are Cinemark and AMC. Both of these companies have abroad markets, which Regal does not. Both also prefer geographical locations similar to those preferred by Regal. This is to be expected, as the multiplex structure is most paying in such metropolitan and growing suburban areas that these first-run, multiplex theatres prefer to locate themselves in. Regal currently holds 21% of the market share, with AMC and Cinemark holding 20% and 18% respectively ( Leading Companies ).Current PracticesCurrently Cinemark and AMC are pursuing trial runs in improved and spread out concession ventures, which appear to be successful, judging by their continued implementation (Leading Companies). AMC and Cinemark currently have a potential advantage over Regal in their foreign markets. non only have they expanded the number of people who will see first-run Hollywood films, but they have good relationships with foreign movie production companies and currently show their films in other countries. As antecedently mentioned, the industry and major competitors have made the move to digital, 3-D and IMAX technologies.SenseIndustry Challenges and CausesPiracy and Alternative GoodsThe industrys battle with pirated films is well known, costing the entertainment business as a whole roughly $20.6 billion (Plumer). It alsocompetes with such legitimate entertainment businesses as DVD rental services, Pay-per-View, cable television, and similar entertainments. Not only this, bu t since most of the movie theaters are in areas of high population, there are multitudes of other activities to compete with, such as live theater, restaurants, sports bars, pubs, concerts, and sporting events, to name a few.Fewer Total yearbook ViewersIt is no surprise that the current recession has had a pregnant impact on consumers spending habits. A night at the movies is an affordable luxury, but a third of the total respondents reported going to movies less in 2009, and again in 2011, than the previous year. Although there was a small increase in total revenue in 2010, it declined by 1.2% in 2011, with the lowest number of just the tickets change since 1995 ( portion Performance Box attitude Admissions). The most useful age group (18-34) are attending live performances more often than in the past, and as unemployment continues, their numbers are decreasing at the box office, although they allay are going more frequently than any other age group (Family Entertainment on a Budget).Ambivalent AudiencesNot only is the number of attendees declining, but consumers do not have a strong brand loyalty to their cinemas. A Mintel report showed that the major criterion for selecting a movie theater was the proximity to home (66% of respondents of all ages cited this as an important factor in their decision), the availability of the sought after time (53%), and how comfortable the seats were (56%) (Consumer Trends). The brand of the cinema appears completely irrelevant for the average consumer. Branding has considerable value for any industry, yet movie theaters do not appear to have made a lasting data link with the average consumer.Reliance on Film Production CompaniesThe industry depends heavily on the film production companies. Movie theaters depend on good relationships with the firms to get a contract, and must pay a premium for the use of big-name productions. The pricing has improved since the transition to digital, but to equip thousands of screens with the most profitable movies is still expensive. in that respect are been accounts from thefilm companies that because releasing to DVD is more profitable for the studio, there may be fewer films bring ond and theater running times may decrease farther (Szalai). The movie theater industry historically has a low profit margin, and having empty theaters will only decrease it further.Regal Challenges and CausesMarket SaturationThere are a limited number of profitable places to create the multiplex experience that Regal specializes in. In light of the prevalence of competing first-run theaters that also occupy the same profitable locations, it have the appearance _or_ semblances that Regal is running out of places to go within the U.S. Its films are primarily first-run big-name productions, which are the biggest draw to the box office, but since the other major competitors specialize in showing these films as well, this is only a minor leg in Regals prefer. Regal could conceiva bly open theaters in more remote locations, but while big-name films are popular everywhere, they are also the most costly to rent (Morgan).Opening in less densely populated areas could mean higher costs than revenues, if the attending numbers arent high enough. Another option could be expanding Regal Cinemas overseas, but expanding overseas is a highly risky and costly venture. It should also be noted that AMC and Cinemark have already established themselves in the most convenient overseas locations (namely Central and Latin America), and have been closing theaters in recent years (Leading Companies), indicating Regal may have a difficult time finding a marketing foothold.Fewer Total Annual ViewersDespite the optimistic announcement of Regals 2011 attending numbers, movie theater attending for the industry has been declining (Family Entertainment), and Regals viewership went down by 5.5% (Segment Performance Box Office Admission). The economy has had a significant impact on the b uying power of Regals main audience middle to upper-middle class families and young adults (18-25). These are currently becoming more price-sensitive groups, and movie prices are nearly the highest theyve ever been (Morgan). While Regal cannot turn the economy into a bull market, it could create some consumer incentives to attend Regal Cinemas.They have a customer rewards program restructuring the rewards program to create abetter value may help incentivize an increasingly price-sensitive market. Some have suggested a return to staggered pricing, which fluctuates depending on the movie title and show time, typically having higher prices for popular movies at peak viewing hours (Zeitchik). However, pricing rarely regresses, and if Regal is the only movie theater to attempt it, consumers may resist and direct their attentions to movie theaters with more familiar pricing.Viewers are turning towards other methods of movie entertainment, such as Netflix and On Demand (Form 10-K 7), as th ey are more affordable and convenient. As mentioned in the industry challenges, the key age group18-34 are attending more live performances than before, indicating some experience value that Regal is not providing them. Regal must find a focal point to remain competitive and to market greater value to these consumers to prate them out of their homes and away from live venues.Dependency on Film Production CompaniesAs noted in the Industry Challenges, Regal is dependent on the major film production companies. Because of the film production companies release times, theater business is seasonal, peaking during the summer months and during the holidays. This is occasionally broken up by a fluke film release, but this is again the choice of the film production company. Not only is Regal dependent on the timing of the releases, but also on the quality and draw of the films. Regal notes in its 2011 Annual Report that the decline in viewers during 2010 may have been due to the poor product offerings those years (Form 10-K 37). If the film production companies do decide to reduce the number of films produced and reduce the run times of these films in favor of earlier DVD production, Regal stands to lose profitability in the future. The production companies take a significant portion of ticket sales, anywhere from 35% to 100% for a specified amount of time, on a film-by-film basis (Morgan).More popular movies will have a larger percentage taken from their ticket sales for a longer period of time. This effectively decimates Regals earnings. Most theater-viewers see the film within the first six weeks of its opening, and the highest volume is within the first two to three weeks, when the production companies are taking their cut. Also, the younger, profitable age groups tend to go during the first few weeks, and older viewers, who are notoriously more price-sensitive, tend to wait untilthe crowds die out. Having a shorter timespan to show the films, knowing that the best part of those meshwork will be going to the production companies, and having fewer films to pack the multiplex seats it is clear these issues will create profit gaps for Regal if left unaddressed.Regals Open Road Films venture is perchance an attempt to alleviate the stress from that dependency, but it is not a full solution to the problem. ORF is a statistical distribution company. While Regal must enjoy some income and savings from its involvement, they are not (and are not legally able to) actively creating their own films to guarantee quantity and quality of films. However, its first films distributed met with success, with Killer elite starring Clive Owen and Robert De Niro, and The Grey starring Liam Neeson. It is a good addition to the company, but it is not enough to fully address Regals dependence.Lack of Differentiation From CompetitorsFirst-run movie multiplex theaters are the most profitable in the motion picture theater industry. However, there is very little differ entiation between major movie theaters. They all show the same big-name films, they provide the same concessions, they have very similar prices, and their layouts and locations are similar. The industry shift to digital and IMAX technology is also widespread, so it despite Regals investment in it, it does not create a sustainable advantage. As discussed earlier in this report, consumers are fairly ambivalent about which cinema they attend to see a particular movie, which is understandable, considering the striking similarities of major movie facilities. Again, the two highest deciding factors in a consumers cinema selection are the cinemas proximity and the availability of the desired viewing time.Movie theaters depend on movie production companies to advertise their films, and do not create significant advertising outside of their facilities and website, with the exception of local newspapers (Segment Performance Advertising). The production companies do not advertise limited thea ters, and so Regal must depend on its location and available viewing time to entice audience members. Since there is little to make Regal stand out from the crowd this way, creating an active marketing campaign designed to show advertisements outside of the newspapers and company website could be a divisive next step to better differentiate itself from other theaters.Problem StatementUpon the abandoned information of the industry and business environment and challenges Regals lack of differentiation from its competitors and its dependency on film production companies is negatively impacting its profitability.UncoverProblem Focus and Potential SolutionsIn creating the fishbone diagram (Appendix A), I present the problem as a two-pronged issue that stems from dependency and lack of differentiation. I chose to present it this way because both problems are intert wine-colouredd, and can be solved by similar means.Dependency on Film Production CompaniesAgain, film companies claim a larg e percentage of the ticket sales for the first few weeks. After that period, Regal gets the majority of the ticket sales. However, the profitable market groups (tweens, families, and the 18-25 age range) tend to see movies in the first few weeks, which means Regal is left with fewer tickets, and thus lower total profits. Regal could attempt to renegotiate with film production companies regarding the percentage of ticket sales, in an effort to buffer against the change magnitude and shortened theater runs that the production companies are currently discussing. Regal could increase production with Open Road Films, or extend negotiation to other film distributors to include indie films. Using Open roads Films not only fills a void and generates some cash flow that is significantly less garnered than Regal typical ticket sales, it also creates the potential to gain revenue from the showings of Regals film earthly concern at other cinemas.In creating fresh relationships with outside a rtists, Regal could create a more beneficial set of terms than it currently has with the mainstream film production companies, and would be creating greater exposure for fledgling or small-time artists. Another option may be to create a whole new cinematic experience with Cinecasting. Cinecasting is digital, sometimes live, streaming of a remote event. In Santa Rosa, California, a small local theater was able to use a local movie theaters digital projection constitution to show a live Broadway run of The Importance of Being Earnest, performed by the Roundabout Theater Company, which had been put forward for three Tony Awards. They charged a premium for tickets, which were not available until one hour before curtains.They sold out every show and created a huge demand that led to an on-going, mutually beneficial relationship between the theater and the local movie theater company (Fuller). Cinecasting is slowly catching on, but no major cinema chain has done much with it. Cinecasting could be applied to theater performances around the world, concerts, major sporting events, and potentially minor sporting events such as Friday Night Fights. It would make the special events seem larger than life, and make the smaller events seem special.Lack of DifferentiationThe ORF and Cinecasting solution mentioned previously would also round out the problem of lack of differentiation directly. If Regal could get exclusive agreements with various entertainment providers before its competitors follow in its footsteps, they could potentially create a sustainable advantage for some time. Regal is in the sue of creating a premium adult dining experience, as shown by their investment in Cinebarre and menu expansion, and ventures into wine and beer provision. Because Regal will be charging higher ticker prices for these experiences, there is more of a call to add something extra-special to the experience. Regal locations in metropolitan and urban areas could invite local artists a nd business to entertain in the theater during times when the theater is in low use, usually late at night. Other theaters are fashioning the same push with their menu expansion as they did with digital, 3-D, and IMAX technologies. Not only would Regal be creating additional value for the customer, but gaining community bonds and goodwill. These connections are extremely valuable to a company (Grewal and Levy 190).However, simply taking the small step of actively advertising the Regal experience to the public would be a beginning to making Regal stand out from its competitors, and increase profits (Pitelos 39). Movie theaters, as previously mentioned, rely on the film production companies to advertise the movies to drum up provoke, but this does not specifically help audiences select a particular theater. The advertising campaign would have several parts to it. There could be one for the traditional movie-going experience, but with an emphasis on the superior Regal experience. In the event that Regal does begin to differentiate itsofferings beyond blockbuster films, the advertisements might show what entertainments are available on a regular basis, or simply to show the variety of experiences it is capable of bringing to the consumer, thus getting the attention and creating consumer interest. Another advertising effort might be to create advertisements that are more specific to the regions they are in.This would help to integrate Regal into the community further, as a way of showing that they are a part of the community and are paying attention. For example, T-Mobile ran an ad on a Manhattan billboard, proclaiming that their service connection moved faster than new families moving to Park Slope. It was almost immediately reposted and written about on a dozen New York City blogs, written by New Yorkers, who love making fun of other New Yorkers (Arak). The humor is highly selective, but it was successfully implemented, creating the feeling of an in-joke with their consumers and their region.Making the significant changes obligatory to alleviate the problems of dependency and differentiation could additionally address some of the other problems discussed previously, such as creating interest in ambivalent consumers and offset market saturation. By expanding potential cash inflow ventures outside the major production companies and forming those alternative options, Regal would be addressing saturation and ambivalence through the differentiation projects, and so those will not be the main problems addressed in the remainder of the paper.Potential Stakeholder EffectsThe majority of Regals stakeholders would most likely benefit from these changes. If the changes are successfully implemented and Regals profit margin rises, the majority of its stakeholders stand to benefit, including stockholders, charitable organizations, and employees. Regal would be pursuance its normal business strategies that rest on its current strengths, so it wouldnt depart from the companys culture and mission. In creating strategic alliances and partnerships with additional entertainment groups, Regal would be fulfilling its goal to create greater worth to its stockholders and following its current business strategy.Breaking from the dependency on the film production companies should not cause a great gap in Regals usual operations. Regals bread and cover is first-run films, so those will continue to take precedence in the theaters, so the changesshould not damage Regals relationships with the major production companies. The changes would be intended to supplement those films once the hype dies away and audiences are looking for new entertainment between peak film release times, rather than replacing blockbusters.